Playstation TMD

TMD FILE FORMAT

HEADER - One per TMD

 {
 u_long  id;               - version of TMD. Always 0x00000041
 u_long  flags;            - Indicates when addresses are relative or explicit
 u_long  nobj;             - number of objects in the TMD
 } HEADER;

OBJECT LIST - One per object in the TMD

 {
 u_long  *vert_top;        - start address of vertex list
 u_long  n_vert;           - number of vertices in the object
 u_long  *normal_top;      - start address of normal list
 u_long  n_normal;         - number of normals in the object
 u_long  *primitive_top;   - start address of primitive list
 u_long  n_primitive;      - number of primitives in the object
 long  scale;              - ignored
 } OBJECT;

PRIMITIVE LIST - One per primitive per object in the TMD

 {
 u_char  olen;             - word length of the drawing primitive created by GPU
 u_char  ilen;             - word length of the packet data section
 u_char  flag;             - options when rendering
 u_char  mode;             - indicates type of primitive
 } PRIMITIVE_HEADER;

 ??      PACKET;           - variable in length and content (see later for list)

VERTEX LIST - One per vertex per object in the TMD

 {
 short vx;                 - X value of vertex
 short vy;                 - Y value of vertex
 short vz;                 - Z value of vertex
 short pad;                - ignored
 }   VERTEX;

NORMAL LIST - One per normal per object in the TMD

 {
 short nx;                 - X value of normal
 short ny;                 - Y value of normal
 short nz;                 - Z value of normal
 short pad;                - ignored
 }   NORMAL;

PACKET LIST FORMAT

Note When mode and flag are set with the values shown here, they default to creating a one-sided primitive that will be rendered with no semitransparency. To alter these, see earlier notes. Pigment refers to the inherent colour of the primitive, before lightsources alter the appearance on screen. A gradient pigment has a different RGB value at each vertex, and by using the same interpolation algorithm that gouraud shading uses, a smooth transition between colours is achieved.

LIST OF PRIMITIVES INCLUDED SO FAR 3 SIDED, FLAT SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, GOURAUD SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, FLAT SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, GOURAUD SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, TEXTURED, FLAT SHADING, NO PIGMENT 3 SIDED, TEXTURED, GOURAUD SHADING, NO PIGMENT 3 SIDED, NO SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, NO SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, TEXTURED, NO SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT 3 SIDED, TEXTURED, NO SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT

3 SIDED, FLAT SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x04;   ilen =0x03;   flag =0x00;    mode =0x20;
 {
 u_char  R, G, B;        - pigment of polygon
 u_char  mode2;          - same as mode (above)
 u_short Normal0;        - index value of normal element
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 } TMD_3_FS_FP;

3 SIDED, GOURAUD SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x06;   ilen =0x04;   flag =0x00;    mode =0x30;
 {
 u_char  R, G, B;        - pigment of polygon
 u_char  mode2;          - same as mode (above)
 u_short Normal0;        - index value of normal element
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Normal1;
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Normal2;
 u_short Vertex2;
 } TMD_3_GS_FP;

3 SIDED, FLAT SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x06;   ilen =0x05;   flag =0x04;    mode =0x20;
 {
 u_char  R0, G0, B0;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex0
 u_char  mode2;          - same as mode (above)
 u_char  R1, G1, B1;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex1
 u_char  pad1;           - ignored
 u_char  R2, G2, B2;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex2
 u_char  pad2;           - ignored
 u_short Normal0;        - index value of normal element
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 } TMD_3_FS_GP;

3 SIDED, GOURAUD SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x06;   ilen =0x06;   flag =0x04;    mode =0x30;
 {
 u_char  R0, G0, B0;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex0
 u_char  mode2;          - same as mode (above)
 u_char  R1, G1, B1;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex1
 u_char  pad1;           - ignored
 u_char  R2, G2, B2;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex2
 u_char  pad2;           - ignored
 u_short Normal0;        - index value of normal element
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Normal1;
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Normal2;
 u_short Vertex2;
 } TMD_3_GS_GP;

3 SIDED, TEXTURED, FLAT SHADING, NO PIGMENT

 olen = 0x07;   ilen =0x05;   flag =0x00;    mode =0x24;
 {
 u_char  U0, V0;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex0
 u_short CBA;            - position of CLUT for texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U1, V1;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex1
 u_short TSB;            - information about texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U2, V2;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex2
 u_short pad;            - ignored
 u_short Normal;         - index value of normal element
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 } TMD_3_TX_FS_NP;

3 SIDED, TEXTURED, GOURAUD SHADING, NO PIGMENT

 olen = 0x9;   ilen =0x06;   flag =0x00;    mode =0x34;
 {
 u_char  U0, V0;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex0
 u_short CBA;            - position of CLUT for texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U1, V1;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex1
 u_short TSB;            - information about texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U2, V2;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex2
 u_short pad;            - ignored
 u_short Normal0;        - index value of normal element
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Normal1;
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Normal2;
 u_short Vertex2;
 } TMD_3_TX_GS_NP;

3 SIDED, NO SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x04;   ilen =0x03;   flag =0x01;    mode =0x21;
 {
 u_char  R, G, B;        - pigment of polygon
 u_char  mode2;          - same as mode (above)
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 u_short pad;            - ignored
 } TMD_3_NS_FP;

3 SIDED, NO SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x06;   ilen =0x05;   flag =0x01;    mode =0x35;
 {
 u_char  R0, G0, B0;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex0
 u_char  mode2;          - same as mode (above)
 u_char  R1, G1, B1;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex1
 u_char  pad1;           - ignored
 u_char  R2, G2, B2;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex2
 u_char  pad2;           - ignored
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 u_short pad;            - ignored
 } TMD_3_NS_GP;

3 SIDED, TEXTURED, NO SHADING, FLAT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x07;   ilen =0x06;   flag =0x01;    mode =0x25;
 {
 u_char  U0, V0;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex0
 u_short CBA;            - position of CLUT for texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U1, V1;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex1
 u_short TSB;            - information about texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U2, V2;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex2
 u_short pad1;           - ignored
 u_char  R, G, B;        - pigment of polygon
 u_char  pad2;           - ignored
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 u_short pad;            - ignored
 } TMD_3_TX_NS_FP;

3 SIDED, TEXTURED, NO SHADING, GRADIENT PIGMENT

 olen = 0x9;   ilen =0x08;   flag =0x01;    mode =0x35;
 {
 u_char  U0, V0;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex0
 u_short CBA;            - position of CLUT for texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U1, V1;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex1
 u_short TSB;            - information about texture in VRAM (see earlier)
 u_char  U2, V2;         - X and Y coordinate of texture for Vertex2
 u_short pad1;           - ignored
 u_char  R0, G0, B0;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex0
 u_char  pad2;           - ignored
 u_char  R1, G1, B1;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex1
 u_char  pad3;           - ignored
 u_char  R2, G2, B2;     - pigment of polygon at Vertex2
 u_char  pad4;           - ignored
 u_short Vertex0;        - index value of vertex element
 u_short Vertex1;
 u_short Vertex2;
 u_short pad;            - ignored
 } TMD_3_TX_NS_GP;

primitive List S MEMBER VARIABLES FORMAT

U_CHAR FLAG - options for primitive

 {
 bit   0;            - LGT. Light source calculation
                       0 - On.   Light source calculation is carried out
                       1 - Off.  Light source calculation is not carried out
 bit   1;            - FCE. Determines if primitive is one or two faced
                       0 - Primitive has one face
                       1 - Primitive has two faces
 bit   2;            - GRD. Determines single or gradient pigment
                       0 - Primitive has one solid pigment
                       1 - Primitive has different pigments at each vertex
 bits  3-7;          - ignored
 }

Note Most of these bits are set or cleared according to which type of primitive is being created. Messing around with these may cause unexpected drawing or crashes. The only bit you may want to edit manually is FCE.

U_CHAR MODE - options for primitive

 {
 bit   0;            - TGE. Brightness calculation at time of calculation
                       0 - On.   Calculates light
                       1 - Off.  Draws texture as is (without lighting)
 bit   1;            - ABE. Activates translucency when rendered
                       0 - Off.  Primitive is rendered solid.
                       1 - On.   Primitive is rendered semitranslucent.
 bit   2;            - TME. Sets whether a texture is used or not
                       0 - Off.  No texture is rendered.
                       1 - On.   A texture is rendered.
 bit   3;            - displays whether a 3 or 4 sided polygon
                       0 - 3 sided polygon
                       1 - 4 sided polygon
 bit   4;            - IIP. Shading mode
                       0 - Flat shading
                       1 - Gouraud shading
 bits  5-7;          - Code. Defines which sort of entity to draw.
                       0 - Polygon (3 sided or 4 sided)
                       1 - Straight line
                       2 - Sprite
 }

Possible values of ABR (semitransparency method) Note Most of these bits are set or cleared according to which type of primitive is being created. Messing around with these may cause unexpected drawing or crashes. The only bit you may want to edit manually is ABE. For semitransparency to be used when the TMD is rendered, bit 30 of the GsDOBJs attribute member must be set. To control the semitransparency method, alter the ABR bits of the primitives TSB member (see below).

U_SHORT CBA - position of CLUT in VRAM for primitives with textures

 {
 bits  0-5;          - upper 6 bits of 10 bits of X coordinate value
                       for CLUT in VRAM
 bits  6-14;         - 9 bits of Y coordinate value for CLUT in VRAM
 bit 15;             - ignored
 }

For example -

 u_long  CLUT_X_POS = 640;
 u_long  CLUT_Y_POS = 480;
 u_short CBA = (CLUT_X_POS >> 4) + (CLUT_Y_POS << 6);

U_SHORT TSB - information about image for primitives with textures

 {
 bits  0-4;          - texture page number of texture
 bits  5-6;          - ABR. Semitransparency method (see below)
 bits  7-8;          - TPF. Colour mode of the texture (see below)
 bits  9-15;         - ignored
 }

Possible values of ABR (semitransparency method) Note For semitransparency to be used when the TMD is rendered, bit 30 of the GsDOBJ s attribute member must be set, and the ABE bit of the primitive s mode member must be set (see above).

 0     - 50% background  +50% polygon
 1     - 100% background +100% polygon
 2     - 100% background - 100% polygon
 3     - 100% background + 25% polygon

Possible values of TPF (colour mode)

 0     - 4 bit texture and CLUT
 1     - 8 bit texture and CLUT
 2     - 15 bit texture with no CLUT

For example -

 u_long  IMG_X_POS = 640;
 u_long  IMG_Y_POS = 0;
 u_long  ABR = 1;  // 100% back + 100% polygon
 u_long  TPF = 0;  // 16 colour texture
 u_short TXT_TPAGE;
 TXT_TPAGE = GetTPage((int) TPF, (int) ABR, IMG_X_POS, IMG_Y_POS);
 u_short TSB = (TXT_TPAGE) + (ABR << 5) + (TPF << 7);